Cash or Gifts: The Brutally Honest Guide to Christmas Gifting
Guillaume Lepecq
December 23, 2025
Economists estimate holiday gifts lose 10–33% of their value upon unwrapping. Gifts activate brain reward centers, creating emotional bonds, but often miss the mark, leading to deadweight loss on unwanted gifts. 40% of people resell unwanted gifts. Cash gifts reduce environmental waste from packaging and unwanted items, aligning with modern sustainability values. Cash is increasingly seen as an acceptable, thoughtful and practical expression of trust and care.
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A Penny for your Thoughts : the Chaotic Exit of the US Penny
Guillaume Lepecq
November 18, 2025
The U.S. penny, a symbol of American commerce since 1793, is disappearing amid unprecedented turmoil. The Treasury’s decision earlier this year to halt penny production, driven by cost-saving measures has left retailers, consumers, and policymakers scrambling.
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Does the Number of Banknotes in Circulation Already Exceed 900 Billion?
Antti Heinonen
June 10, 2025
Estimating the number of banknotes in circulation globally is a significant challenge. Some countries do not publish the data while others only do so irregularly. Furthermore, central banks follow different practices with regard to the inclusion of lost, destroyed or unredeemed notes. The biggest discrepancies result from the inclusion or not of certain denominations such as older, unused or withdrawn denominations. The study concludes that there are significantly more than 900 billion banknotes in circulation worldwide, significantly more than the 550 billion cited in various industry papers.
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